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The NE556 is a double precision timer and the IRF521 is a power MOSFET. Using variable tension you can modify speed.
Parts List For An Audio Wattmeter
BP1, BP2 – Insulated binding posts
C1, C2 – 100 uF, 50 VDC
D1, D2, D3, D4 – Diode, HEP-134
M1 – 0.1 mA DC Meter
R1 – 8 ohm, 100 watt resistor, see text
R2 – 1500 ohm linear taper potentiometer
Working Of The Circuit
IC1 generates 150µSec. pulses at about 80Hz frequency. Q1 acts as a buffer and Q2 inverts the polarity of the pulses and drives the Transformer. The amplitude of the output pulses is set by P1 and approximately displayed by the brightness of LED D1. D2 protects Q2 against high voltage peaks generated by T1 inductance during switching.
Components Used
P1______________4K7 Linear Potentiometer
R1____________180K 1/4W Resistor
R2______________1K8 1/4W Resistor (see Notes)
R3______________2K2 1/4W Resistor
R4____________100R 1/4W ResistorC1____________100nF 63V Polyester Capacitor
C2____________100µF 25V Electrolytic CapacitorD1______________LED Red 5mm.
D2___________1N4007 1000V 1A DiodeQ1,Q2_________BC327 45V 800mA PNP Transistors
IC1____________7555 or TS555CN CMos Timer IC
T1_____________220V Primary, 12V Secondary 1.2VA Mains Transformer
SW1____________SPST Switch (Ganged with P1)
B1_____________3V Battery (two 1.5V AA or AAA cells in series etc.)
Notes
T1 is a small mains transformer 220 to 12V @ 100 or 150mA. It must be reverse connected i.e. the 12V secondary winding across Q2 Collector and negative ground, and the 220V primary winding to output electrodes.
Output voltage is about 60V positive and 150V negative but output current is so small that there is no electric-shock danger.
In any case P1 should be operated by the “patient”, starting with the knob fully counter-clockwise, then rotating it slowly clockwise until the LED starts to illuminate. Stop rotating the knob when a light itch sensation is perceived.
Best knob position is usually near the center of its range.
In some cases a greater pulse duration can be more effective in cellulite treatment. Try changing R2 to 5K6 or 10K maximum: stronger pulses will be easily perceived and the LED will shine more brightly.
Electrodes can be obtained by small metal plates connected to the output of the circuit via usual electric wire and can be taped to the skin. In some cases, moistening them with little water has proven useful.
SW1 should be ganged to P1 to avoid abrupt voltage peaks on the “patient’s” body at switch-on, but a stand alone SPST switch will work quite well, provided you remember to set P1 knob fully counter-clockwise at switch-on.
Current drawing of this circuit is about 1mA @ 3V DC .
Some commercial sets have four, six or eight output electrodes.
To obtain this you can retain the part of the circuit comprising IC1, R1, R2, C1, C2, SW1 and B1.
Other parts in the diagram (i.e. P1, R3, R4, D1, D2, Q2 & T1) can be doubled, trebled or quadrupled.
Added potentiometers and R3 series resistors must be wired in parallel and all connected across Emitter of Q1 and positive supply.
Commercial sets have frequently a built-in 30 minutes timer. For this purpose you can use the Timed Beeper.
| Photo-type | Features | Exposure time |
| I & children | Light-eyed, red-haired, light complexion, freckly | 20 to 33 minutes |
| II | Light-eyed, fair-haired, light complexion | 28 to 47 minutes |
| III | Light or brown-eyed, fair or brown-haired, light or slightly dark complexion | 40 to 67 minutes |
| IV | Dark-eyed, brown-haired, dark complexion | 52 to 87 minutes |
| V | Dark-eyed, dark-haired, olive complexion | 88 to 147 minutes |
| VI | The darkest of all | 136 to 227 minutes |
| Note that pregnant women belong to Photo-type I | ||
Components Used
R1_____________47K 1/4W Resistor
R2______________1M 1/4W Resistor
R3,R5_________120K 1/4W Resistors
R4____________Photo resistor (any type)
C1,C3__________10µF 25V Electrolytic Capacitors
C2____________220nF 63V Polyester Capacitor
D1,D2________1N4148 75V 150mA Diodes
IC1____________4060 14 stage ripple counter and oscillator IC
IC2____________4017 Decade counter with 10 decoded outputs IC
Q1____________BC337 45V 800mA NPN Transistor
SW1___________2 poles 6 ways Rotary Switch (see notes)
SW2___________SPST Slider Switch
BZ1___________Piezo sounder (incorporating 3KHz oscillator)
B1____________3V Battery (two 1.5V AA or AAA cells in series etc.)
NOTES
How To Use The Circuit
Select a timing option by means of the rotary switch SW1.
Choose 15, 30 or 60 minutes operation.
Select “Stop” or “Alternate” mode operation by means of SW2.
With SW2 closed (Stop mode operation) the electromagnetic radiation stops after the pre-set time is elapsed.
With SW2 opened (Alternate mode operation) the device operates for the pre-set time, then pauses for the same amount of time: this cycle repeats indefinitely.
Place the unit under the pillow and sleep like a log.
To reset a cycle press P1 push button.
IC2C and IC2D generate two square waves at about 1.2 and 5 Hz respectively. These wave-forms are converted into 60µS pulses at the same frequencies by means of C5 & C6 and mixed at Q1 Base. This transistor drives the Radiator coil with a scalar series of pulses of 60µS length and 9V amplitude.
IC1, IC2A & IC2B form the timer section. C1 & R2 provide auto-reset of IC1 at switch-on. The internal oscillator of IC1 drives the 14 stage ripple counter and, after about 15 minutes, output pin 1 goes high. Pin 3 of IC2A goes low and stops IC2C & IC2D oscillation.
If SW2 is left open (Alternate mode operation), after 15 minutes pin 1 of IC1 goes low, pin 3 of IC2A goes high and oscillators are enabled again.
If SW2 is closed (Stop mode operation), the first time output pin 1 of IC1 goes high, the internal oscillator of the IC is disabled by means of D1. Therefore the circuit remains off until a reset pulse is applied to pin 12 by means of P1 or when the whole device is switched-off and then restarted.
The same thing occurs when SW1 is switched on 30 or 60 minutes positions, obviously changing time length.
IC2B drives pilot LED D2 which operates in the following three modes:
Flashes quickly and almost randomly when the Radiator coil is driven
Flashes somewhat slowly and regularly when the Radiator coil is pausing during the Alternate mode operation
Is off when the circuit auto-stops (Stop mode operation)
Components Used
R1,R5___________1K 1/4W Resistors
R2_____________10K 1/4W Resistor
R3,R6__________10M 1/4W Resistors
R4,R7___________2M2 1/4W Resistors
R8,R9___________4K7 1/4W Resistors
C1,C7__________47µF 25V Electrolytic Capacitors
C2____________100nF 63V Polyester Capacitor
C3,C4_________330nF 63V Polyester Capacitors
C5,C6__________15nF 63V Polyester Capacitors
D1,D3,D4,D5__1N4148 75V 150mA Diodes
D2______________LED (any type) (see Notes)
IC1____________4060 14 stage ripple counter and oscillator IC
IC2____________4093 Quad 2 input Schmitt NAND Gate IC
Q1____________BC327 45V 800mA PNP Transistor
L1____________Radiator coil (see Notes)
P1____________SPST Pushbutton
SW1___________2 poles 4 ways rotary switch
SW2___________SPST Slider Switch
B1____________9V PP3 Battery
Clip for PP3 Battery
Notes
L1 is obtained by winding randomly 600 turns of 0.2 mm. enameled wire on a 6 mm. diameter, 40 mm. long, steel bolt. Secure the winding with insulating tape.
Mean current drawing is about 7mA, decreasing to less than 4mA during pauses when in Alternate mode operation.
Battery life can be dramatically increased omitting LED D2 and its associated resistor R5.
Use a plastic box to enclose the circuit: metal cases can severely limit electromagnetic radiation.
Those inexpensive portable Public Service Radios do a fine job of receiving police and fire calls. But if you are not tuned precisely to the center channel of the base station, it’s more than likely you don’t hear the much weaker signals from the mobiles. With an FM Tuning Meter hooked onto your public service inhaler, you’ll be able to copy any signal that can fight it’s way into the antenna terminals. The schematic shows a detector circuit common to most public service portables. Resistor Rx and Capacitor Cx form the de-emphasis network. Connect one end of sensitivity control R1 to the junction of Rx and Cx as shown. Meter M1 is the zero center miniature type; one rated either 50 or 100 microamperes will be satisfactory. Adjust R1 so the meter pointer is not driven offscale when the signal is detuned to the extreme of the sidebands. Proper tuning is then indicated when the meter shows center scale.
Parts List For FM Tuning Meter
M1 – 50 or 100 microAmpere meter, zero center
R1 – 1 megohm miniature potentiometer
Many cassette recorders do not have a high level (aux) input; they are meant only for use with microphones. If you try to dub directly from another recorder’s “line” output, or from across the speaker, the relatively high signal level overloads the microphone input, causing severe distortion. Good dubs can be obtained by attenuating the high level signal almost 50 dB, so the attenuated signal is essentially equal to microphone level. This recorder bridging cord provides about 50 dB attenuation in a single, easy-to-handle assembly. Connect resistor R1 in series with the shielded cable hot lead. Connect the free end of R1 to recorder plug PL2 and one end of resistor R2. Fold R2 back adjacent to R1 and solder the free end to the cable shield. Loop a wire from the shield to the PL2 outside (sleeve) terminal. PL1 should match the output jack of the recorder you dub from.
Part List For Mike Desensitizer
PL1, PL2 – Plugs to match existing tape equipment Shielded cable
R1 – 100,000 ohm, 1/4 – watt resistor
R2 - 10,000 ohm, 1/4 – resistor
It happens to just about everyone. One minute you’re listening to the hi-fi, the next you’re called away to answer the doorbell or a phone call. You forget all about the music, the record plays through, the automatic turntable shuts off — but the amplifier stays on until you happen to pass by and notice the glow from the pilot lamps. Yet, this simple circuit, which you can throw together in less than an hour, will automatically turn off the amplifier when the turntable shuts off. The relay coil voltage is taken from across the phonomotor; when the turntable motor is on, relay K1 closes and applies power to AC socket SO1; When the turntable shuts off, removing voltage from the motor, K1 opens, disconnecting power from outlet. Because the turntable automatic shutoff switch might not be able to carry the amplifier load, the AC power for SO1 is taken off before the automatic shutoff switch. Switch S1 bypasses the relay contacts and applies power to the socket even when the turntable is off.
Parts List For Stereo Shutoff
K1 – 117V AC relay with contacts rated at least 5 amperes at 117V AC (Radio Shack 275-207)
S1 – Switch, SPST (Shutoff bypass)
SO1 – AC Socket
